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Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel 0.0015 percent (≤15 ppm (mg/kg)) sulfur is required by regulation for use in engines certified to nonroad Tier 4 standards (U.S. EPA Tier 4 certified) and that are equipped with exhaust aftertreatment systems.European ULSD 0.0010 percent (≤10ppm (mg/kg)) sulfur fuel is required by regulation for use in engines certified to European nonroad Stage IIIB and newer standards and are equipped with exhaust aftertreatment systems.Certain governments/localities and/or applications MAY require the use of ULSD fuel. Consult federal, state, and local authorities for guidance on fuel requirements for your area.Typical aftertreatment systems include Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF), Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOC), Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and/or Lean NOx Traps (LNT). Other systems may apply.Low sulfur diesel (LSD) fuel 0.05 percent (≤500 ppm (mg/kg) sulfur) is strongly recommended for use in engines that are pre-Tier 4 models, while diesel fuel with > 0.05 percent (500 ppm (mg/kg)) sulfur is acceptable for use in areas of the world where allowed by law. Pre-Tier 4 engines that are equipped with a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) require the use of LSD fuel or ULSD fuel.ULSD fuel or sulfur-free diesel fuel are applicable for use in all engines regardless of the engine Tier or Stage.Use appropriate lubricating oils that are compatible with the engine certification and aftertreatment system and with the fuel sulfur levels. Refer to the “Diesel Fuel Sulfur Impacts” article of this “Fuels Specifications” section and to the “Lubricants Specifications” section of this Special Publication.
Recommendations for Europe Stage V Certified Nonroad Engines:All the fuel recommendations and requirements for U S EPA Tier 4 Certified Nonroad Engines” section above are applicable to the Europe Stage V type-approved Nonroad Engines. Additionally, for the correct operation of the engine in order to maintain the gaseous and particulate pollutant emissions of the engine within the limits of the type-approval, unless specified otherwise in the engine-specific Operation and Maintenance Manual, EU Stage V regulations REQUIRE the diesel fuels (also called non-road gas oil) used in engines operated within the European Union (EU) to have the characteristics below:
The sulfur content should be ≤ 10 mg/kg (20 mg/kg) at point of final distribution
The Cetane number should be ≥ 45
The biodiesel (also called Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME)) content should be ≤ 7 % volume/volumeRefer to your engine Operation and Maintenance Manual for the allowed biodiesel blend in your engine model. Some Cat engines that are certified per EU Stage V can use up to B20 biodiesel blends.Follow all the local regulations and fluids requirements in your area. Refer to your engine-specific Operation and Maintenance Manual, and refer to your aftertreatment device documentation, if available, for additional guidance.Engine operating conditions play a key role in determining the effect that fuel sulfur will have on engine deposits and on engine wear.Note: The removal of sulfur and other compounds in Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel decreases the conductivity of ULSD and increases the ability of the fuel to store static charge. Refineries may have treated the